Human papillomavirus is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases.It is unlikely that one person has never heard of him, because today, according to the latest data, 12% of the world's population (about 660 million people) are infected with HPV.
This situation is entirely the definition of an epidemic.It is for this reason that we will figure out what HPV is, how it manifests itself and what can be dangerous.
What is HPV?
It is worth noting that viruses are wandering genes, and they have a kind of intelligence.Academician Koznacheev once said about two tons of viruses - bacterial grips "living mass" through the human body throughout his life.Of course, all these processes affect the work of the gene.
In the lives of most sexually active people, infection caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) is detected at least once.The highest prevalence was observed among women aged 20 to 24 years, and among men aged 25 to 29 years.Causes affecting HPV transmission include socioeconomic, behavioral, and medical and hygienic factors.
How HPV performs
HPV (the family of papillary lactobacillus) can damage a person's skin and mucous membranes.At the same time, their immune barriers are inferior, ultimately leading to an increase in the inflammatory process.In other words, entering the body, the virus causes the growth of lower cells that are not controlled by the immune system, which are clearly manifested on the skin as papillomas, warts and candies.Another "focus" of the virus's manifestation is the uterus.The organ is a kind of "exhaust pipe" in the body because it can directly indicate problems in the body (if any, the conception process is impossible or difficult).Human papillomavirus affects the uterine mucosa and may cause oncology.
Types of HPV
Human papillomaviruses can be divided into two categories - low risk of carcinogenicity and high risk of nature.In most cases, the body responds by itself due to the low risk (types 1, 2, 3 and 4) caused by HPV.In rare cases, this type of infection can lead to the emergence of warts, benign papillomas, precancerous lesions and even cancer.HPV, in turn, is considered to be a biological carcinogen of cervical cancer, vulva, vagina, penis, anus, and oropharynx.
Depending on the manifestation of HPV infection on the genitals, there are differences in potential, subclinical and clinical forms:
- Despite the presence of DNA from the virus, the underlying form of HPV infection is not accompanied by morphological changes in the affected tissue.Molecular biological methods can be used to determine the presence of asymptomatic presence of this type of infection, and for this it is necessary to continuously monitor the condition of the cervix, vagina and vulva epithelium.Using this form, no specific treatment is required.
- The subclinical form of HPV infection (usually asymptomatic) can be determined in colposcopy and cytology or histological examination.Most vaginas with flat vaginas remain asymptomatic, but often cause itching, vaginal discharge or application after sexual intercourse.
- The clinical forms of infection that doctors usually have to face are manifested primarily in warts and papillary forms, usually occurring in places where sexual contact is injured.Their appearance and further recurrence are associated with a general and local impairment.An important nuance is that from the moment of infection to the advent of warts, it can range from weeks to years.The average time between infection and appearance is 11-12 months for men and up to six months for young women.
Cervical cancer - How dangerous is it?
To understand the universality and danger of this disease is enough to study the numbers.About 53,000 cases of cervical cancer (RSM) are recorded each year in the world - it ranks fourth in the world in terms of cancer prevalence in women.If we consider the structure of mortality in women under 45 years of age, it is the first death from cervical cancer.
How to get infected with HPV?
The most common method of infection is vaginal and oral sexual contact, including the absence of penetration.
Even one contact with an 80% probability can lead to infection.Oral contact may also be infected.The child can obtain the virus from the mother during childbirth.
Girls who have not reached adolescence are the most risky.
The specificity of the virus makes most men and women infected at the beginning of sexual activity, and some are repeatedly infected.
Is infection always the disease?
In a group of people under 30, 90% of cases, infection ends in an independent cure manner.The remaining 10% enter the chronic phase, which can further enter cervical cancer.This process stretches very timely: from the moment of infection to the development of oncology (5-20 years).Cancer does not appear “suddenly” before precancerous disease.Therefore, with a cautious attitude towards your health, you can warn or identify the disease at an early stage.
Cervical cancer may not show symptoms in the first stage.Therefore, it is important to visit your gynecologist regularly and do all the recommended tests.Very cautious every woman should be discharged through bloody discharge, discharge from the hospital, unpleasant odor, and pain in the lower abdomen.
How to diagnose HPV and RSM?
Diagnostic systems are now very developed to give you high accuracy in the early stages.First, screening tests were used, including cytology of the cervix, testing for HPV high risk of carcinogenicity and extended colposcopy.
Annual screening of the cervix is recommended for all women aged 21 to 69 years of age.Cytological studies of women aged 21 to 29 are performed every 3 years (from 30 to 69 years).HPV tests are based on the results of the stroke as specified by the doctor.
Prevention and treatment of HPV
Preventing any disease is better than treating it - in terms of HPV, doctors and patients have all the possibilities.As a major prevention today, vaccination can be recommended.The importance of this vaccination can at least be demonstrated that in many countries, it is included in the national vaccination calendar.Furthermore, they make it with all children (boys and boys).Moreover, the experience of this vaccination has accumulated and has effective data.The Australian Health Minister specifically said that by 2020, Australia will become the first country in the world to suffer from zero cervical cancer, all due to large-scale vaccinations since 2007.
Like other viruses, HPV can be removed using various immune stimulation products (such as colostrum, cat's claws, shark liver fat) and stimulate the body with various microelements (calcium, magnesium, iodine, zinc, selenium, selenium, selenium, iron).These trace elements can enhance immunity and advantageously affect the body from HPV protection.There is a statement that if HPV is in the body, a stromal region (the first papilloma that appears under the influence of the virus) is formed, if it is burned and removed, and the likelihood of a new papilloma is significantly reduced.As the disease recursive course, systemic immunomodulators, especially interferons are recommended.