Papilloma is a tumor that appears on the surface of the skin and mucous membranes. In most cases, the pathological manifestations are condyloma acuminatum, sharp shape and flat warts. These growths can appear in any part of the human body. When the pathology appears in the context of human papillomavirus activity, the disease is characterized as carcinogenic. This property can be explained by the fact that the risk of growth degeneration into a malignant tumor exceeds 70%. The topic of this article is what papillomas are and why they appear.
Causes of papilloma
The most common cause of papilloma is the activity of the HPV virus in the body. This virus enters the body under the background of promiscuity or during unprotected sex with an infected carrier. Much less is that the disease manifests in people who abuse alcohol, tobacco, and drugs.
It should also be pointed out that people at risk for this infection include those with weakened immunity, metabolic disorders, and problems with gastrointestinal organ function. Failure to observe personal hygiene rules plays an important role in the spread of infection.
important!If the mother is infected with the virus in the last few months of pregnancy, the virus can be transmitted to the newborn.
It is important to know that infections are not only spread through traditional sexual intercourse. If one of the sexual partners has micro wounds on the body that destroy the integrity of the skin, the virus can enter the body through them. After being infected with HPV, a person becomes a carrier of the virus because it is impossible to completely remove the infection from the body. All treatments for the disease should aim to strengthen the immune system so that the immune system can cope with the disease on its own.
The development of the disease is latent, which indicates that the virus will not manifest itself for a long time. The incubation period can range from one month to one year.
The development stage of the disease
Considering the problem of why papilloma occurs, it should be said that this disease is only manifested due to the decline in the performance of the immune system. After the infection enters the human body, the virus begins to spread in the basal epithelial cells.
In the next stage of the development of the infection, various growths will form on the surface of the skin and mucous membranes. This growth can not only appear on the surface of the body, but also on internal organs.
Papilloma is a benign tumor of the epidermis, consisting of flesh-colored or dark brown microscopic nodules.
Clinical picture
There is no uniformly expressed clinical manifestation of this pathology. The nature of the symptoms depends on the location of growth and the type of virus that causes changes in the body. The main symptoms inherent in HPV infection activities are the appearance of warts and genital warts. It should also be mentioned that the HPV virus is carcinogenic, so it is very important to consult an expert in time and start treatment.
Symptoms such as hypothermia, itching and tingling, and peeling are rare. All of these symptoms are characteristic of tumors located in parts of the body that tend to increase friction.
Type of tumor
There are five main types of tumors: squamous, plantar, pointed, simple, and filamentous. Let us look at the causes of papilloma in the body and examine each type of tumor in detail.
Pointed papilloma
Sharp papilloma (condyloma acuminatum) appears as a result of being infected with the HPV virus during sexual intercourse. Except for their basic shape, these growths on the skin look like small bubbles with liquid inside. At some stage of development, growths will open up on their own, leading to tears and unpleasant odors.
This type of tumor has the highest degree of carcinogenicity. According to statistics, this type of growth most often degenerates into malignant tumors. In addition to the unsightly appearance, genital warts can cause severe discomfort during sexual intercourse or walking. The main treatment for this disease is to remove the papilloma by freezing.
Squamous papilloma
This type of structure on the body is considered the most common one. Such papillomas only cause discomfort to their owners in terms of aesthetics. This type of growth will hardly be accompanied by changes in the patient's health. The stratum is located in the palm, sole or back area.
Papillomas do not go away on their own. They can exist for many years without causing anxiety.
Where are the HPV indicators located in the body?
Growths formed due to the activity of the human papillomavirus can be formed in any part of the human body. However, the most common tumors occur in the following parts of the body:
- Tongue and throat;
- genitals;
- finger;
- Breast.
For serious diseases, papilloma can form in the genitourinary system and the urethra itself.
Papilloma in the duct area of the breast
Intraductal tumors are tumors that form in the milk ducts. The formation of tumors is accompanied by redness of the nipples, mild itching and burning, and other negative manifestations. At certain stages of pathological development, the patient may experience severe pain when touching the affected area of the body. Later, secretions of various colors appeared on the affected area with an unpleasant odor.
Tumors discovered in time will not cause harm to health. However, long-term delay in treatment can cause the intraductal tumor to degenerate into a malignant tumor. This kind of rebirth is a high risk of breast cancer.
This growth is papillary, similar to a small protrusion. The color of the lump itself may be significantly different from the basic skin tone. Many people want to know why papilloma appears in the breast area. Among the most common causes of this pathology, experts have determined the effects of chronic infectious diseases, metabolism or ovarian work disorders. In addition, the cause of intraductal tumors may be: decreased immunity or abortion surgery.
The risk groups at risk for this disease include women with bad habits and girls with messy sex lives.
Papilloma in the throat
This type of tumor forms on the mucosal surface of the larynx. The development of the disease is latent, that is, the patient will not feel any negative changes in the body. In rare cases, the early stages of papilloma formation may be accompanied by discomfort.
However, at some stage of the pathological development, the patient began to have difficulty breathing, felt a foreign body in the throat and felt pain. The increase in the affected area will cause changes in sound and breathing patterns. There are several specific reasons for the development of this disease. The main reason is the existence of chronic diseases and acute infectious diseases suffered during childhood.
The abuse of alcoholic beverages, tobacco, and drugs play an important role in the formation of this type of papilloma. In addition, tumors can also occur due to frequent changes of sexual partners and refusal to use barrier contraceptive methods.
You may get this virus when you go to swimming pools, bathhouses and other public places. It is very important that the main component of pathological development is the weakened immune system, unable to resist the activity of the virus.
Comprehensive methods are used to treat this form of pathology. In the first stage of treatment, it is necessary to perform procedures to remove growths. After that, the attending physician should prescribe antiviral drugs to prevent the disease from recurring. Also at this stage of treatment, it is important to pay attention to the use of vitamins and immunomodulators to strengthen the immune system.
Papilloma in the cervical area
When it comes to what papilloma is and how it looks, people have to pay attention to this type of tumor. The border of this wart-like growth is uneven. The growth is located on the surface of the uterine mucosa. Like genital warts, this type of tumor is highly carcinogenic. Not treated in time can lead to the development of cancer.
The main reasons for this pathological development are low immunity, non-compliance with hygiene rules, bad living habits and promiscuity. The most common cause of papilloma is unprotected contact with active carriers of the HPV virus.
The symptoms of disease development are manifested by an increase in regional lymph nodes. In addition, many patients worry about a burning sensation in the groin area. Against the background of the development of papilloma, an abnormally colored discharge appears with an unpleasant odor. In order to get rid of this type of growth, you need to complete the process of the deletion process. In addition, in order to prevent the recurrence of the disease, long-term antiviral treatment will be required.
important!Genital tumors can occur in women and men. The main difference between this disease in men and women is that male papilloma rarely degenerates into malignant tumors. If one party is infected with HPV, both parties must receive antiviral treatment.
Oral papilloma
Papillomas in the tongue area have the form of papillary protrusions several centimeters in diameter. The reason for this growth is close contact with the infectious vector. However, infections can also occur in the family.
Family transmission is most common in young children. At this stage of life, children learn about the world around them with the help of touch. Since childhood immunity has not yet fully developed, the virus can easily enter the human body.
Using other people's towels, sheets, gloves, and shaving supplies may infect you.
Disease treatment
Now is the time to consider how to treat papilloma in the body. The treatment method depends on the location of the growth, the depth of the lesion and the nature of the disease. The first stage of treatment is to remove the existing tumor. The freeze destruction method is most commonly used for this purpose.
Today, more and more experts recommend radio wave surgery techniques to their patients. This method is completely painless and allows you to remove vegetation without leaving obvious marks. Radio waves not only affect the process itself, but also its root causes, which can guarantee the prevention of recurrence.
In addition, papillomas are removed using resection methods, laser irradiation, and current pulse therapy. If the growth is not easy to degenerate into cancerous tumors, external drugs can be used.
Only after determining the cause of the disease and determining the exact type of virus, is it possible to use effective antiviral drugs. Using creams and ointments in the initial stages of the disease can give you long-lasting results on your own.
The treatment of HPV virus must be comprehensive. Immunomodulators, vitamins and antiviral agents can prevent recurrence. Timely detection of the pathology will prevent serious complications, in the form of growth and degeneration into cancerous tumors.